grafting frame holder

Priming prevents larvae from drying and may provide a small amount of nutrition. Discordance Among Pathologists in the United States and Europe in Diagnosis of Low-Grade Dysplasia for Patients With Barretts Esophagus. Tables5 and and66 show the overlap of differentially expressed genes (adjusted p-value<0.05) between EAC and healthy tissue from three large studies11,12,35 and our own dataset. A Data Transfer Agreement (DTA) and Data Access Agreement (DAA) will have to be signed in order for the data to be transferred (a template can be found in Supplementary File1). Technical validation of the data. No overlapping fusion gene between disease tissue and plasma samples was observed. (A) Plastic base mount cell cup. The Development and Validation of an Endoscopic Grading System for Barretts Esophagus: The Prague C & M Criteria. Damaged, submerged, or poorly positioned larvae will not survive. Reviewed in the United States on April 20, 2021. Optimal environmental conditions for grafting include a warm, draft-free room. Choose between Cell Bar Frame with 36 JZs BZs cell cups or Cell Bar Frame without cups. Instead of taking over someone else's thread, I would like to share my grafting setup with everyone. " Better understanding of disease etiology along with the identification of novel prognostic and predictive biomarkers are urgently needed to improve the dismal survival probabilities. These miRNAs seem to have great potential as a diagnostic marker for Barretts esophagus in a population at risk (patients with GERD), but further research is required to identify miRNAs for risk stratification. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Cut a couple of lengths of the wedge to hold it in place: You now need to get the bees to draw this so put it into a strong colony. Move the frame not the viewer. Report. This method requires grafting . Thrift AP. Ordering of mutations in preinvasive disease stages of esophageal carcinogenesis. Vennalaganti P, et al. . Blood samples were collected in a 6ml EDTA waste tube followed by a 9ml sodium citrate (3.2%) VACUETTE blood tube (Greiner Bio-One). In most cases a restocking fee of 25% will be charged. 2021. Expressed mRNAs, miRNAs and circRNAs have been identified in all tissue and/or plasma samples (Table4). You can purchase a frame, but they are expensive. contributed in the data analysis (pre-processing sequencing data for circRNAs). Despite high resolution endoscopy and virtual imaging techniques, detecting dysplasia in a long segment of Barretts esophagus remains challenging. Replace with the original frame. Moreover, structural RNA differences can be identified in this dataset, including protein coding mutations, fusion genes, and circular RNAs. Large scale queen cell production has allowed the commercial honey bee industry to meet both agricultural and hobbyist beekeeping demands.Convenient and inexpensive, these methods make it relatively easy to produce any number of queen cells. Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Epithelial mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells in esophageal adenocarcinoma originating from barretts esophagus. Trends in the incidence and survival of patients with esophageal cancer: A SEER database analysis. If you are unable to perform a graft, you will find these replacement bar frames very handy. BEEMAN. Mechanisms that drive EAC development remain poorly understood. In total, this comprehensive dataset consists of 102 sequenced libraries from 51 samples. Photo: Kate Anton, Penn State. The main risk factors to develop EAC are gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD), Barretts esophagus, smoking and age above 50 years5. Mastering this technique takes practice and repetition. For each patient, RNA from matching tissue (healthy esophagus and disease) and plasma was sequenced, resulting in 102 sequenced libraries from 51 samples. Biomarker identification and trans-regulatory network analyses in esophageal adenocarcinoma and Barretts esophagus. Chiam K, et al. Do not wait until the end of the graft or you will have a lower acceptance. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) tool (v4.1.0) was used to identify sets of genes that are significantly different between two groups25. In addition, variants found in more than one gnomAD32 (v3.1) sample or having allele frequencies below 20 or above 80 percent were removed in the tissue data. 2e). I also hold a mini Mag light in my non-grafting hand. In this study, we generated a comprehensive dataset that allows exploration of the complex transcriptome landscape of EAC and precursor lesions (HGD, NDB) in 17 patients. Based on the polyA+ sequencing data (tissue) and mRNA capture sequencing data (plasma), mutation analysis was performed. Invert the cell bar frame and lower it into the center of the colony (Figure 7A). 1 review. Performance of RNA purification kits and blood collection tubes in the Extracellular RNA Quality Control (exRNAQC) study. There are several commercially available brands, the most common style is the plastic base mount cell cup (Figure 4.A). . From each patient disease tissue, healthy esophageal tissue and blood plasma was collected. Results of expression and abundance analyses of tissue samples (19,734 genes and 676 miRNAs included) and plasma samples (11,255 genes, 457 miRNAs and 2,275 circRNAs included). By excluding (on a per sample basis) fusion genes also found in the healthy tissue, disease-specific fusion genes were identified. Changes of microRNAs-192, 196a and 203 correlate with Barretts esophagus diagnosis and its progression compared to normal healthy individuals. Although the potential as cancer biomarker has been shown in several studies22,23, this has not yet been reported in either plasma or tissue from EAC patients. Data reported in this study includes data for mRNA and miRNA expression, variant analysis, fusion gene detection and circRNAs (the latter only in plasma samples). From what I was able to determine, the focal length for the 3 diopter lens is ~13", and the 5 diopter lens is ~8". Tissue samples were obtained during endoscopy (NDB and HGD) or after surgical resection of the tumor (EAC). The basics of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Vo JN, et al. FOIA Pools were concentrated with ethanol precipitation and quantification with the Qubit 2.0 fluorometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Better understanding of disease etiology along with the identification of novel prognostic and predictive biomarkers are urgently needed to improve the dismal survival probabilities. To a lesser extent, messenger RNA (mRNA) expression has been studied in EAC, HGD and NDB as well11,12. Choose between Cell Bar Frame with 36 JZ's BZ's cell cups or Cell Bar Frame without cups. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Tympanoplasty is an inpatient procedure that is commonly performed under general anesthesia and sometimes local anesthesia. Number of overlapping upregulated genes in EAC tissue compared to healthy tissue. These GSEA results (FDR<25%) are available in Supplementary Table3. When you purchase through links on our site, we may earn an affiliate commission, which supports our community. Grafting is the action of transferring a larva from a brood cell into a manufactured cell cup. As a result, for all samples 2-14 fusion genes remain (excluding the potential false positives). RNA sequencing of esophageal adenocarcinomas identifies novel fusion transcripts, including NPC1-MELK, arising from a complex chromosomal rearrangement. After the desired number of grafts have been made, place the cell bars (with cell cups facing up) in the frame and transport it to the cell builder (Figure 7B). 8600 Rockville Pike Buzzbee Official shop for all thing beekeeping. The prefix p indicates histopathological staging of the resected tumor and y indicates that the patient received neoadjuvant therapy. Prior to these analyses, genes were filtered based on more than four counts in at least half of the samples per group (EAC, HGD, NDB). Amin M, Lam AK. It holds three frames, giving you plenty of room in the hive to manipulate frames. RNA sequencing data can be used for variant analysis, as previously demonstrated28. De Preter K, Vandesompele J. He H, et al. When comparing EAC with NDB plasma, several relevant gene sets showed positive enrichment in EAC, including HALLMARK_MYC_TARGETS V1 and V2 (FDR<1%). Frames from vigorous colonies are ideal; look for day-old larvae on frames where eggs and older larvae are also present. Circular RNA (circRNA) is an emerging new type of RNA that has gained interest in the field of cancer biomarker research. The R packages edgeR (v3.28.1) and limma (v3.42.2) were used for normalization (Trimmed Mean of M-values) and differential miRNA expression (tissue)/abundance (plasma) analysis, respectively. About the length of a pencil, this model is easy to grasp and offers the beekeeper a great deal of control and visibility inside the cells. Athar A, et al. Videos Help others learn more about this product by uploading a video! Results shown in the table are filtered based on adjusted p-value<0.05 (Benjamini-Hochberg) and LFC>log2(1.5). contributed in the project planning, conceptualization, obtaining ethical approval for the study, sample collection, experimental work (plasma preparation, hemolysis measurement), and project management with Biogazelle. The upregulation of hsa-miR-194 and SHH, and downregulation of SUFU compared to healthy tissue is also observed in our NDB tissue data as well as in the EAC and HGD tissue samples (Figs. Results obtained from these analyses are provided in Supplementary Table5. We cannot accept returns on hazardous materials. The Landscape of Circular RNA in Cancer. Here, we demonstrate the potential of detecting fusion genes for EAC, HGD and NDB tissue and plasma samples. Regular price $7.49 Standard Grafting Tool. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. This holds the viewer on the longer top board so you can look at the whole frame. The number of remaining miRNA reads per sample after pre-processing is 510 million reads for tissue samples and 13 million for plasma samples (Table2). We're obsessively passionate about it, and our mission is to help people not only enjoy beekeeping but to thrive being a beekeeper. Profiling of circulating microRNAs in patients with Barretts esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Processed small RNA sequencing data of plasma samples from patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma or precursor lesions. Images in this review 4 people found this helpful. If you return items to us, you must follow instructions including. AGP eGlass Glass, Ceramics and Concrete Manufacturing Ghent, Flemish Region 19,938 followers We make the world cleaner, safer, and more enjoyable to enhance people's lives. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help For further downstream analyses, sample ID40_NDB was excluded due to the lower library yield (measured as described above) of the disease tissue sample (data not shown) and the lower percentage (68%) of reads with a quality score higher than 30, compared to all other tissue samples (85% on average). These GSEA results (FDR<25%) are available in Supplementary Table3. Alternatively, a grooved top bar in a standard frame may be used. It shows a clustering of EAC samples versus HGD and NDB samples; (c) heatmap showing the relative expression of 35 overlapping differentially expressed genes (up and down) for tissue (left) and plasma (right) samples (Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted p-value<0.05); (d) the relative expression of top ten abundant circRNAs in plasma (EAC vs NDB) shown in a heatmap (p-value<2.36103); (e) boxplot representation of the relative expression of four of the most frequently reported up- and down regulated miRNAs (more than four times in literature) in EAC, HGD and/or NDB tissue samples compared to matched healthy esophageal tissue. I also see that you indicated your model is one with a 3 diopter lens, and they also sell one with a 5 diopter lens. The cell bars fit into a specialized frame that can be introduced to a cell builder or starter, as detailed above. From all 51 samples, RNA was isolated that was used for mRNA (polyA+ and capture-based) and small RNA sequencing. Wang S, et al. National Library of Medicine Before grafting, many beekeepers prime their cell cups with a small amount of royal jelly mixed with water, although water alone can be used. J.A. Specifically, GERD can cause progression from non-dysplastic Barretts esophagus (NDB) through the stages of low-grade dysplasia (LGD) to high-grade dysplasia (HGD), and eventually to invasive EAC6. We used to place frames on the grass near the entry but it squashes some bees and there is a high risk that if the queen is there, she will crawl off the frame and could get lost. (B) Grafting frame, with cell cups facing up, transported to the cell builder. Nurse bees will remove the priming liquid and replace it with royal jelly in the cell builder. If you have ever knocked over a frame propped against the hive, you know why you need this. Figure 7. When grafting multiple cell bars, be sure to cover the bars with a damp cloth to prevent dessication. More specifically, there is an overlap of 11 up- and 24 downregulated genes, as shown in the heatmap in Fig. Queen Bee Cell Protector with Cell Cups (10 pack) $26.95. Tissue and plasma samples were single-end sequenced with a 75bp read length on a NextSeq 500 (Illumina) instrument according to the manufacturers instructions. The latter miRNA (hsa-miR-205-5p) is known for targeting ZEB138. The epidemic of oesophageal carcinoma: Where are we now? Fusion gene analysis was done on all tissue (polyA+ sequencing data) and plasma samples (mRNA capture sequencing data). We rotate empty or food frames out of the central grafting box as necessary and use them to boost other NUCs or colonies. Queen Catcher/Holder. JavaScript is disabled. Circulating Serum Exosomal miRNAs As Potential Biomarkers for Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Along with a mentor and some educational reading, these grafting tools will help get your queen rearing project off the ground. Novel Aberrations Uncovered in Barretts Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Using Whole Transcriptome Sequencing. Several studies have reported lists of differentially expressed genes in EAC, HGD and NDB compared to healthy tissue samples11,12,35. MAN2A1FER Fusion Gene Is Expressed by Human Liver and Other Tumor Types and Has Oncogenic Activity in Mice. Besides gene dysregulation, chromosomal rearrangements can result in fusion proteins. Zhang XO, et al. Processed small RNA sequencing data of healthy and disease tissue samples from patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma or precursor lesions. In EAC these circulating mRNAs have not been identified yet, but have shown great potential in other cancer studies24. Bus P, et al. The parse, annotate, assemble and denovo modules in CIRCexplorer2 were used according to the users manual27. Description. contributed in the project supervision, conceptualization, and financial contribution. If we look into more detail we observe that some of the differentially expressed mRNAs in tissue of patients with EAC compared to NDB are also differentially abundant in the plasma samples (in the same direction). Queen production allows beekeepers greater autonomy and independence, enabling individuals to better meet the goals of honey production, pollination, colony production, and genetic selection. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. Have you ever thought about or heard of Lasik eye surgery, it's cheap about $300.00 and it works. Pavlov K, et al. Libraries were prepared with the TruSeq Stranded mRNA Library Prep kit (Illumina), using 100ng of RNA as input material. Cardoso J, et al. A damp towel draped over the frame will keep the humidity high and should be used to cover the part of the frame that is not in use. We do not store credit card details nor have access to your credit card information. 1Translational Oncogenomics and Bioinformatics Lab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium, 2OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium, 3 Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, 4Department of Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, University Hospital Ghent, Belgium, 5Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 6Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium, 7Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Library size selection was done with the Pippin Prep system (Sage Science) to select the ~147157 nt fragments containing mature miRNAs. Ferlay J, et al. Cielik M, Chinnaiyan AM. Figure 1. Grafting frame: You will need a grafting frame and staple your cell bar holders (the dark brown pieces) to the frame bar. You must arrange and pay for the items to be returned to us within 30 days of receipt. I would say a must have for any beekeeper! We found it useful to provide the outer queenright boxes with new comb to draw, rather than re-introduce an drawn but empty frame from the central box. When the surgery involves just the eardrum, it is called myringoplasty . Photos: Kate Anton, Penn State. Description. Suits all the usual Langstroth size frames sold in NZ. Current Projects. For RNA used for mRNA capture sequencing, RNA isolation was followed by gDNA removal using the Heat&Run gDNA removal kit (ArcticZymes). Annotation was based on GRCh38, UCSC Genome Browser (reference genome) and GENCODE v20, Ensembl 84 (reference transcriptome). Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for 2 Count Grafting Eyelash Holder Console Eyelash Eyelashes Glue at the best online prices at eBay! Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error. I use this I believe I paid about $220. Next, variants identified in the healthy tissue were subtracted from the tumor variant list to obtain a list of tumor-specific variants. Different contrasts were analyzed: comparing disease with healthy tissue (contrast 1), comparing disease tissue between groups (contrast 2), comparing disease versus healthy tissue samples of one group with the disease versus healthy tissue samples of another group (contrast 3), and comparing the three groups for the plasma samples (contrast 4). I know you're organized enough to use a relatively new comb to graft from, and thus can cut away the cell walls so that you're able to easily get your grafting tool under the larva you're aiming to pick up. For this publication, raw data was pre-processed using in-house optimized pipelines (Biogazelle and Ghent University), resulting in 119 expression profiles: 34 mRNA and 34 miRNA expression profiles from healthy and disease tissue samples, 17 mRNA and 17 miRNA expression profiles from plasma, and 17 circRNA expression profiles (based on mRNA sequencing data) from plasma. Website Design by Stefanie Murrer. Due to their circular covalent structure, circRNAs are more resistant to degradation by exonucleases in the blood. As an example, the hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway is known to play an important role in EAC and NDB60. You must return items in their original packaging and in the same condition as when you received them. Current perspectives of mi-RNA in oesophageal adenocarcinoma: Roles in predicting carcinogenesis, progression and values in clinical management. The raw sequencing data available at EGA were not part of the peer-reviewed content of this manuscript. and transmitted securely. In addition, results from variant- and fusion gene analysis are available as supplementary tables (Supplementary Tables4, 5). Time between blood collection and plasma preparation was less than 4h, except for sample ID2 (6h) and ID20 (7h). RNA concentration was measured with the Qubit 2.0 fluorometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Many beekeepers graft into colorful plastic cell cups, while others make their own from wax. Piskol R, Ramaswami G, Li JB. Received 2021 Mar 30; Accepted 2022 Jan 25. The pivot point is very close to the jaws which ensures a very good tight grip of the frame. It doesn't have remove-ab. Clinical information of the 17 patients is available in Table1, including age at diagnosis, tumor stage and/or Barretts segment and follow-up information (if known). First, reads are aligned onto the genome and transcriptome using TopHat2 in order to reduce false positive reads aligned in the TopHat-Fusion alignment. Grafting is delicate work that requires patience, a steady hand and excellent vision. The other disease tissue samples and healthy esopgahus tissue samples (collected from each patient) were preserved in RNAlater (Qiagen) at 4C and transferred to 80C the following day for long-term storage. This scale of queen production, along with the flexible behaviors inherent to honey bee colonies, are ultimately responsible for making honey bees the dominant pollinator in many landscapes. Cell Bar Frames come with 18 Push-In Cell Cups. Upload your video Looking for specific info? Your email address will not be published. (B) Larva and royal jelly on a chinese grafting tool. This technique allows beekeepers to create any number of queen cells that are easy to handle and transport. 10 Frame Lyson Polystyrene Hive Components, 8/9 Frame Lyson Polystyrene Hive Components, Queen Bee Catching and Marking Tools and Cages, Honey Harvesting and Processing Equipment, Honey Heaters Dehydrators and Pollen Dryers, Bee Balm Pure and Natural Custom Honey Labels, Pure Honey River Scene Custom Honey Labels, Jar Top, Granulation & Other Honey Labels, Books, DVDs and Educational Tools for Beekeeping. Von Rahden BHA, Stein HJ, Phringer-Oppermann F, Sarbia M. c-myc amplification is frequent in esophageal adenocarcinoma and correlated with the upregulation of VEGF-A expression1. Here's a super simple queen grafting frame build using only the parts provided with a standard frame and queen grafting cupholders. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding. (B) Cell bar with Nicot components. The study of RNA abundance profiles has proven its value to aid in the identification of new biomarkers to improve disease detection, therapeutic decision making, therapy response monitoring, and early relapse detection9. Plasma was prepared by centrifugation at 1,800g for 10min (full break and acceleration). Afterwards, variants were filtered differently depending on the tissue of origin. Usage notes. EAC is characterized by high mutation rates (including TP53 as a driver mutation that is most often found in tumor tissue13). The frame perch fits snugly over the edge of the hive body to conveniently and securely hold your frames during a routine inspection. However, the overlap among these reported genes is limited. Beequip NZ is now the NZ Agent for InstantVap. New frame holder for grafting | Grafting, Frame, Holder Apr 9, 2021 - I saw a photo on the Internet last year and finally built myself of these Here's the prototype, just like the photo, but the top support interfered with my. Mapping was done in 2 steps with TopHat2/TopHat-Fusion (v2.1.0) using indices of both Bowtie2 (v2.3.4.1) and Bowtie (v1.1.2) respectively. (C) Egg. The remaining sequence was aligned against the human reference genome build GRCh38 using STAR (v2.6.0c, two-step mode). Standard Frame Holders that Suits wood & plastic frames available by Beequip. GUID:744F1FD0-5C4A-4D34-99F7-8C8888895467, GUID:385BC76B-6734-422D-A0EE-458845C6A1E9, GUID:FCB16303-803F-4635-98EC-0C1291A84D9A, GUID:FF601E09-7B09-44FD-B90A-C8DD4965F09B, GUID:5A1F92BA-1B92-44B6-A583-FA5D0506F5F5, GUID:A5F06AE2-EF64-49DC-BE8B-9328CA406B2F. J.V. While several differential miRNA abundance patterns in EAC or NDB plasma have been reported21,5358, there is only one overlapping miRNA (miR-194-5p) among these studies54,56. Enjoyed seeing and reading your account, thanks! Similarly, two of the most reported downregulated miRNAs in EAC, HGD, and/or NDB are hsa-miR-203a-3p4651 and hsa-miR-205-5p4547,5052. Number of overlapping downregulated genes in EAC tissue compared to healthy tissue. Double End Angled Stainless-Steel Grafting Tool for Queen Rearing. While the adjusted p-values (Benjamini-Hochberg) are not significant in this dataset, a heatmap of the top ten most abundant circRNAs (p-values are below 2.36103) comparing EAC with NDB samples shows that plasma circRNAs may have biomarker potential, but needs further validation (Fig. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/, https://github.com/OncoRNALab/exRNAQC/blob/main/Preprocessing, https://ega-archive.org/studies/EGAS00001004939. All pre-processed mRNA, miRNA and circRNA expression data for tissue and plasma samples was also uploaded to the R2 Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform (http://r2.amc.nl), an online genomics data visualization tool. aClassification that describes the size of the primary tumor and invasion in surrounding tissue (T), lymph node involvement (N) and metastasis (M). Wang L, et al. Grafting frame on a stand with a damp towel to maintain humidity. AboutPressCopyrightContact. Regular price $5.50 German Queen Grafting Tool. 2021. For example, comparing EAC tissue with healthy tissue the following relevant gene sets were significantly (FDR<1%) positively enriched in EAC: HALLMARK_EPITHELIAL_MESENCHYMAL_TRANSITION, HALLMARK_KRAS_SIGNALING_UP and WANG_ESOPHAGUS_CANCER_VS_NORMAL_UP35. for it, in 2012. This technique allows beekeepers to create any number of queen cells that are easy to handle and transport. A Systematic Review of Esophageal MicroRNA Markers for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Barretts Esophagus. (A) Young larva in brood cell. Ask us a question, when it's convenient for you. Beequip NZ is a trading name under the registered company of Alcom New Zealand Limited. For tissue and for plasma, 100ng and 6l of total RNA was used as input, respectively. Cell Bar Frame with JZ's BZ's Cups - Langstroth Standard. Not only will you love it, but your bees will love it too! At the same time allowing the beekeeper to use keep both hands free. For EAC, a number of studies have identified several miRNAs as putative biomarkers in serum or plasma20,21, but further clinical validation studies are needed prior to assessment of clinical utility. The purchased items must be unused and returned in their original packing and the same condition when you received them. Next, Mutect2 was used to call variants using default settings following the GATK (v3.8.0) best practices workflow, which included base-recalibration and duplicate removal with Picard (v.2.21.6)30. For each of the remaining variants, a BLAT (v3.5) analysis was performed to assess the quality of the reads contributing to the variant call31. Item Code: QR8. Consent is not a condition of purchase. Classically, these molecular profiling studies require the availability of (tumor) tissue that is not always readily available. Leave the front plate off so the bees have unrestricted access to the face of the cell box. In stock, 3 units. MicroRNA expression profiles of esophageal cancer. Lauri in your fourth picture down a close up of the cells there is a slightly curved egg or larvae at the 10 :00 position , is it a egg or larvae and do you have any good shots of the correct age that were looking for . Excellent quality, sturdy and well made! RNA integrity was determined using the Fragment Analyzer (Advanced Analytical Technologies). The angle of the frame is more critical if your grafting old dark tough comb and need your light to see deeper into the cell. contributed in the sample collection. This type of RNA has great potential as circulating biomarker because they are more resistant to RNA degradation by exonucleases due to their circular structure. With a value proposition focused on anticipating and responding to the latest trends of the industry . 2a), reflecting the very good quality of the data. Verified Purchase. Wijnhoven BPL, et al. Cabibi D, et al. This is one of those items that you don't think much of at first until you get one and then the first time you forget to bring it and realize how handy it really is!
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