Be sure the documents are in the following order: Set Aside a Conviction Instructions and Forms - CRSA1 [5] According to documents Constantin ("Ticu") Dumitrescu obtained in 1993, the political police had 507,003 informers, but archival evidence confirmed the involvement of only 486,000. Probate Cases. (The system is unavailable Tuesday through Saturday from 3:00 am to 4:00 am.) All downloadable documents on this page are provided in .PDF format. 4] Florica Dobre, Florian Banu, Camelia Duica, Silviu B. Moldovan and Liviu Taranu, Trupele de Securitate (1949-1989) (Bucharest: Nemira, 2004). For some readers the very existence of a trail of documents testifies to the fact that the political police was a law-abiding structure that sought to be productive, efficient, and correct. Among the most important are Ion Diaconescu, Temnita. Bureau of Internal Oversight; Melendres Compliance Corner; Victim Services The number of active informers fluctuated over time, depending on the domestic and international political situation, but steadily increased from 73,000 in 1968 to 144,289 in 1989. The 1987 top secret "Instructions on Setting Up and Using the Securitate Informer Network" explained the difference between these four categories. Whereas the Stasi archive was taken over by the so-called Gauck Agency (the Agency of the Federal Commissioner for Documents of the State Security Police of the former German Democratic Republic, often referred to by the name of its first head, former East German pastor Joachim Gauck) soon after the collapse of the communist regime of Erich Honecker and was made available to the public almost in its entirety (with many of the shredded files painstakingly reconstituted), the Securitate archive remains scattered across several state agencies, a large part of it is unavailable to the public, and many Romanians believe that since 1989 the archive in its entirety has been altered beyond recognition by unnamed individuals close to the country's successive governments. While analyzing the activity of the Ministry of Interior, the Central Committee of the Communist Party decided during its June 1967 and April 1968 meetings that the Securitate would no longer create personal files for party members supporting the political police and the militia, and would no longer be allowed to use nomenclatura members and individuals elected to party and state leadership positions. 18] The Securitate first installed the computers and then told Ceausescu of the purchase. A 1950s collaboration pledge this author accessed in the Securitate archives included a short machine-typed text and the signatures of the informer and recruiting officer. The problem, they claim, lies not with the political police, but with the repressive, unjust, discriminatory and abusive communist legislation. Officers invented informers when under pressure to maintain a wide information network. 9] Oprea, Banalitatea raului, pp. [16] In 2004 the Service reaffirmed its willingness to give the Council 12 kilometers of Securitate archival material that did not relate to national security issues once the Council revamped a newly acquired storage space in the town of Popesti-Leordeni, Arges county, some 80 kilometers far from Bucharest. These reports presented the individuals with whom the informers met, the events they attended and the places they visited, and other people's remarks on Romania's economic and political situation, the activity of its leaders, and the country's domestic and foreign policies. [7] While occasionally engaged in counter-terrorist actions, the investigation of economic crime and the protection of national state security, the Securitate remained a political police whose primary role was to quash dissent and opposition to the country's communist leaders, ideology and policies. Every meter of archive contains some 5,000 documents, and every file is on average 200 pages in length. In addition, Tanases file included a note presenting in full a conversation he had on 5 November 1987 with former political prisoner and interwar Peasant Party leader Nicolae Carandino at the Capsa bistro in downtown Bucharest. . After reading the material, Tanase came away with the belief that file Stefan (which had around 500 pages in total and detailed his life during the 1983-1989 period) lacked important pieces of evidence, but remained informative since, in his own words, one could get a glimpse of a house through a door left ajar.[31] Marked by the experience of finding out that his closest friend had been a zealous Securitate informer until the very last hours of the communist regime, Tanase decided to contrast his Securitate file with his own diary. A copy of your Arizona criminal history record can be obtained by completing and submitting a Record Review Packet, which can be downloaded online here, or by contacting the Criminal Records History Section via telephone at (602) 223-2222. Inter-war state dignitaries and their relatives, leaders of political parties and movements, revolting peasants, their families and those who assisted them in any way were targeted. 11] Cristian Troncota, Din istoria aparatului de Securitate in Romania, 1948-1965, Arhivele totalitarismului (Bucharest), vols. "[14] Some informers gave very few short reports that included trivial information they believed was not detrimental to victims. An informers personal file included the recruitment report (raportul de recrutare), detailing the reasons why the candidate could prove useful for solving cases at hand, the conspiratorial name, the loyalty guarantees, the recruitment method, the basis for recruitment (voluntary collaboration, financial payment or blackmail), the contact system of passwords and countersigns to be used if meetings could not be organized at the pre-established time and place, the collaboration pledge (angajamentul de colaborare), several surveillance, verification and analysis materials in which the agent noted the loyalty and productivity of the informer, and the abandonment report (raportul de abandonare), detailing the reasons for and the method of deactivating the informer. The Maricopa County Clerk of Superior Court is not responsible for the content of external sites. Today writing is detrimental, this era is not for writing and intellectuals. 6-8. On 10 April 2004, the Ziua daily cited different numbers: a total of 15,312 employees, including 10,114 officers, 791 maistri militari, 3,179 sub-officers, and 1,228 civilians. Demographically, 241,932 were sixty and older, 145,294 between forty and sixty, 81,572 between thirty and forty, and 17,995 under thirty years of age. Deletant cited Virgil Magureanu, the first director of the Romanian Information Service, who claimed that on 22 December 1989, the Securitate totaled 14,259 military cadres, including 8,159 officers, 5,105 warrant and non-commissioned officers and 984 civilian personnel. Once there, the one who asked me who I worked for again kicked, cursed and ordered me to tell no one what just happened. The warehouse was located in a permanently guarded military unit that could be accessed only with special permit. "The selection committee was impressed with Dr. Hernandez's enthusiasm, energy, and expertise. Crime rate relative to county average in Bucharest 2021, by district. Custodian of Records. [1] In two pioneering volumes, historian Dennis Deletant (1995 and 2000) detailed the Securitate's structure, methods and relationship with the Communist Party under Ceausescu and his predecessor, Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej. 7] Sometimes the Securitate officers manufactured informer files for people who never agreed to spy and never submitted delations. Clarence Beacham. A special category involved individuals who accepted collaboration out of blackmail, mostly former political prisoners wishing to redeem their past mistakes and endear themselves with the new communist regime. Maricopa County Police Records are documents created by Police Departments that document the details of crimes, arrests, and the criminal activities of particular individuals in Maricopa County, Arizona. Call 602-506-3411 to speak with a member of the Public Records team. Francis Xavier UniversityAntigonish, NS, B2G 2W5, Canadalstan@stfx.ca. [30], The Information Surveillance Files and the Securitate Victims. The Maricopa County Police Department maintains detailed records on arrests, investigations, and the actions of police officers and makes many . The Securitate confiscated and archived a number of manuscripts in an effort to stop their publication and distribution. 13] C. Zugravu, Securitatea m-a programat turnator, Memoria vol. Not all denunciations were handwritten and signed by the informer, as the latter could refuse or the circumstances of the agent-informer meeting might not allow the informer to sit down and write the note. The Securitate was set up in 1948 by the communist regime as a Soviet-style secret political police entrusted with the task of eliminating opponents in order to consolidate power, ensuring compliance to the regime and its leader, as well as shaping public sentiment and gaining acceptance for public policies. He noted that, despite his youth, John was not nave. In these cases, it was the agent who put an end to collaboration, convinced that the informer could no longer supply relevant data. Some agents worked in counterintelligence, but the majority of political police officers were engaged in domestic repression and surveillance. 45 (1998). 20] Such folders were also opened for former political prisoners after their release, and were archived when the person died or was believed that he gave up all hostile activity.. Agents recruited and monitored the activity of the informers, identified targets (victims), gathered and analyzed data and reports received from informers, designed strategies to collect additional information, intimidate victims, tighten surveillance, preempt information leaking and keep informers loyal, reported results of their investigations to their superiors and reevaluated their plans of action in light of received feedback. Picture Booking # First Name Last Name Date of Birth Crime Type Booking Date {{item.bookingNumber}} Animated by the desire to bring my contribution to defending our peoples revolutionary accomplishments, I will do everything needed to translate this pledge into reality, understanding fully the negative consequences that the failure to fulfill it could bring to our state security.[35]. After the collapse of the communist regime, several new and old institutions became Securitate archive custodians. Destinul generatiei noastre (Bucharest: Nemira, 2003), Dupa Temnita (Bucharest: Nemira, 2003) and Dupa revolutie (Bucharest: Nemira: 2003), Ion Ioanid, Inchisoarea noastra cea de toate zilele, 3 volumes (Bucharest: Humanitas, 1999), Iosif Colpas, Secvente din inchisorile comuniste (Bucharest: Humanitas, 2003), Florin Constantin Pavlovici, Tortura pe intelesul tuturor (Chisinau: Cartier, 2001), Paul Goma, Soldatul cainelui (Chisinau: Editura Flux, 2003), Culoarea curcubeului 77 (Chisinau: Editura Flux, 2003), Patimile dupa Pitesti (Bucharest: Cartea Romaneasca, 1990), Gherla (Bucharest: Humanitas, 1990), Virgil Ierunca, Fenomenul Pitesti (Bucharest: Humanitas, 1990) and Stelian Tanase, Anatomia mistificarii (Bucharest: Humanitas, 2003). Another service called usbirthcertificate.net can help you obtain or amend a Consular Report of Birth Abroad, in addition to obtaining a birth . View Mugshots; Inmate Account Deposits; Contact an Inmate; Send a Tip; . 14-18, and Dan Ionescu, Personnel Changes in the Romanian Intelligence Service, RFE/RL Research Report (8 July 1994), pp. The writer had acquired an answering machine to register calls received when he was not at home, installed an alarm system making noise when somebody tried to enter his home, and placed small pieces of papers throughout his apartment to see if anybody walked through. Afterwards, as soon as an informer whose file was archived became a party member, his personal informer file, attached folder of denunciations, evidence card and microfiche were also destroyed. Find a Case | Maricopa County Clerk of Superior Court JEFF FINE You are now exiting the Maricopa County Clerk of Superior Court. The Maricopa County Public Record links below open in a new . While from 1948 to 1964 uneducated and brutal officers engaged in summary executions, illegal house arrests, imprisonment and deportations, after Ceausescu became the country's ruler the Securitate preferred a more subtle control of the population that no longer aimed to physically annihilate dissenters but instead publicly discredited them or encouraged them to emigrate. 3-4 (2001), p. 122. Special thanks go to Larry Watts and director Radu Timofte for their support. For family and friends inmate issues, please visit Inmate Services. All factual and interpretation errors are mine. 25] Pintilie, Constituirea arhivei Securitatii, pp. 50 of 30 March 1951 set up the Securitate Evidence Service, known as Direction C in Bucharest and Service C in the territory. Grigoriu described his experiences with the secret police:Around midnight, on my way back home from a show, in front of the Izvorul Rece restaurant I was taken from the street by three plain-cloth[es] individuals who forced me to wear tin glasses, pushed me into a black car and drove me awayI asked what'll happen to me, and in reply I received punches and curses and was told that I'm not allowed to talkI was forced into a room, in a chair, the glasses were taken off. In separate articles, Deletant (2001), Larry L. Watts (2004) and Stan (2004) presented post-communist Romania's information services and their relation to the communist political police. Information on Entering Romania via Land Border, U.S. made me think that John was sent to Romania in an exploratory mission under a cultural and humanitarian pretext.[39], Afterwards, Cristescu reported additional details on John and Tanase, and again voiced his worry that his work for the Securitate could be uncovered. Location: Maricopa County Superior Court Complex 111 S. 3rd Ave., 4th Floor Phoenix, AZ 85003 Registration Hours: 7:30am - 4:30pm While it included only a selection of the Securitate file Tanase received, which itself was a selection of the original file, the volume was important for presenting the variety of documents the political police produced.Much of the published file documents refer to interception of phone conversations, an operation carried out by the special Securitate unit T. On 22 August 1984 the Securitate agent working the case asked for Tanases phone to be listened to to find out any kind of political comments, data on his literary projects, the nature of his relationships with other writers, his plans to contact foreign citizens in order to have his manuscripts published abroad.[32] The report had the approval, official seal and signature of the head of unit T, and was followed by transcripts of phone conversations Tanase made or received over a number of years. Arizona does not expunge criminal records. 22] Evidenta retelei informative a aparatului de securitate, Sfera politicii no. The American Corner program promotes understanding and cooperation between the U.S. and Romania. The 1987 Instructions confirmed that the political police opened files for information network members, be they informers, residents, supporting individuals or hosts of meeting places. Some individuals may need to obtain proof from Federal or State authorities stating they do not have a criminal record. Based on primary Romanian language sources, personal interviews with members of the National Council for the Study of Securitate Archive, the Romanian Information Service and the Romanian Association of Former Political Prisoners, and my own direct observations collected during a summer 2004 visit to the communist political police archives in Bucharest, this article offers a picture of the Securitate archive in terms of the number and types of the full-time agents and part-time informers that compiled it, the reasons for starting and ending collaboration, and the most notable material that was seemingly lost, destroyed or never produced, providing concrete examples of the different types of archival documents that can be found in various collections. 21] Ziua (12 November 2003) and Curentul (15 December 2003). Add Mihai Sturdza, How Dead Is Ceausescus Secret police Force?, Report on Eastern Europe (13 April 1990), pp. To obtain copies of public records by phone, please call (602) 37-CLERK, or (602) 372-5375. The dialogue was taped with the help of a bugged ashtray planted on the table by a solicitous waiter whose identity remained unknown. [34] The note could be summarized in a single paragraph: that afternoon, Lulu made two calls from public phones and visited three different addresses in an attempt to show or give documents contained in a suitcase he carried with him all the time. Residents were trusted individuals who, under the supervision of the Securitate officer, maintained regular and secret contact with up to 30 supporting individuals in order to collect information from them and transmit it to the officer (Article 44). After listing the names of the Romanian and foreign artists, musicians and diplomats attending the event, describing the general program, and presenting the food and drinks offered, Popa mentioned that Tanase was also present. The Instructions further detailed the stages of the recruitment process, which included 1) ranking, verifying and analyzing potential candidates, 2) selecting the candidate, 3) designing the recruitment plan, and 4) recruiting (Article 10). These documents also found their way in informer files. Faced with the obstinate refusal of the successor secret services to open up the archive and disclose even the most basic information about the Securitate, the public has perceived the problem of the Securitate archive as being primarily quantitative, ignoring the issue of the quality of the documents, and the degree to which they reflected reality. Department Records Unit These records are for incidents or collisions investigated by State Troopers or other DPS employees. The criminal investigation collection (fondul de ancheta penala) included the criminal investigation files and the prison files of persons already sentenced or investigated for actions against state security. The network collection (fondul de retea) consisted of personal files of the Securitate informers and individuals who refused to collaborate with the Securitate. The Judicial Branch of Arizona in Maricopa County - Law Library Resource Center CRSR1 Sealing a Criminal Record You may use the forms on this page if the following factors apply to your situation : You may use the instructions and forms to ask the Court to seal your criminal case records if . [26] Historian Marius Oprea believes that the information contained in these files and the identity of the informers drawn from party ranks could be reconstituted with the help of the Center for Information and Documentation computerized system and the separate lists the local Communist Party leaders dutifully compiled. Search arrest records and find latests mugshots and bookings for Misdemeanors and Felonies. Days earlier, Tanases neighbor was asked to confirm information the Securitate found out through the bugging system installed in the writers apartment. Some 60 percent of the archive continued to be stored in military units that in 1990 became the property of the Information Service, whereas the archives of the Securitate Troops Unit, the Baneasa Officers School and the External Information Center went to other institutions. [15] The Council was set up in year 2000 as the state agency giving Romanians access to their own Securitate files, establishing an individual's involvement with the secret political police, and publicly identifying post-communist politicians with a tainted past. It is this oversight that this article tries to address. 52 (1997), p. 39. A week later, Cristescu disclosed Tanases plans to hide the only three copies of his novels English-translation, mentioning that one copy would go to him, another one to the embassy contact who promised to take it out of Romania, and the third to an undetermined safe location. Spending considerable time and space for describing the food and drinks, Popa was probably content with himself for solving the difficult predicament of serving the political police while at the same time limiting the damage done to the people he mentioned. . For travel to the United States on a temporary basis, including tourism, temporary employment, study and exchange. The card system became too large to serve its purpose of easy reference when it was decided to fill in cards for possible variants of the names with a file. Istorii literare si artistice, 1969-1989 (Bucharest: Editura Presa Romaneasca, 1996), p. 30. This fact, corroborated with others (for example, the fact that he came to Romania with a list of people to contact, or the fact that he and his friends want to finance some Romanian intellectuals with liberal views, etc.) All of you'll travel abroad. The documentary collection (fondul documentar) included reports, analyses, information notes, working plans detailing the activity of the Securitate as well as the activity of pre-communist state agencies and political parties, together with a number of other materials of interest for the communist political police. Retention Rules. Another cleavage dividing the informer network was represented by the services provided to the political police, and distinguished between informers (informatori), supporting individuals (persoane de sprijin), residents (rezidenti) and hosts of meeting places (gazde ale caselor de intilniri). Informers were contacted by the agent or resident at least once a month, and were instructed on ways to pass urgent information to the political police between the meetings by way of conspiratorial addresses, hidden places, postal boxes or codes for sending data in writing or by phone (Article 27). The Securitate archive remains the subject of much controversy, where fact and supposition, myth and reality, condemnation and approval, shame and pride blend together in a strange mix. In these cases, and when the meeting had to be kept short, the officer wrote down the information that interested him and later prepared a summary of the information received orally, selecting it and commenting on it according to his own training, interests and ideological position. Also important were the periodic reviews the Securitate officer drafted for the benefit of his superiors to summarize the case, explain whether progress was satisfactory, identify issues that had to be addressed in the future, and specify questions that still needed an answer. Criminal Cases. The structure had two main departments, charged with conducting operations within and outside the country, respectively. The Information Network Files and the Securitate Informers. 30] For details, see Kieran Williams and Dennis Deletant, Security Intelligence Services in New Democracies. The three met in Tanases apartment, talked in English, listened to loud classical music all the time, and were served sweets and lemonade. Date: 4/30 #1 Dangerous Drug Possession or use #2 threat-intim w/inj-dmge prop. Following a succession of mistakes make by the agents accompanying the truck load, the residents of the nearby village quickly discovered the site and rescuing the Securitate documents became their preferred pass-temps before being leaked to the media. Lavinia Stan reviews the current state of scholarship on the Securitate and the state of former secret police's archives. As of December 31, 2022, a person who is arrested, convicted or sentenced before, on or after December 31, 2022, may petition the court to have their criminal case record sealed. Such reports were important for the data they provided on members of the Romanian groups traveling abroad and the political opinions and activity of the Romanian diaspora. Search Criteria Throughout April, undercover police . Oprescu assumed the nickname Valeriu Cristescu when offering information to the Securitate. Cristescu tried to convince Tanase that his conversations at home were private, and stressed that given the importance of my entire effort to monitor Stelian Tanase, I dare to consider that [the incident] was an imprudent move that could have resulted in the disclosure [of my collaboration with the Securitate].[40], In August, Cristescu delivered to the political police the list of people and their addresses Tanase wanted him to contact in case he was arrested, in September described Tanases meeting with the US cultural attach A[lice] Kuperman, his plans to translate an anti-governmental declaration into English and disseminate it abroad, his hopes to meet an unnamed British citizen, and in October noted that Tanase received a letter from a British lady and planned to put together a collection of non-political essays signed by well-known dissident writers. While all these English-language authors have talked about the role of the political police and its archive in the communist political system of terror, none has drawn an exact picture of the contents of this elusive collection of documents, mostly because few had direct access to the archive and because the information on specific Securitate documents that surfaced to date in Romania has been some times contradictory and other times inexact and unequal. Until 1989, some 110,000 pages of manuscript were confiscated in surprise searches carried out in the homes of philosophers, writers, former political prisoners or ordinary citizens who confided their dissatisfaction with everyday life in Romania to personal diaries.
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